Francis Ysidro Edgeworth  (1845-1926)

Economista irlandés. Estudió Lenguas antiguas y modernas en el Trinity College de Dublín. Sabía alemán, español, francés e italiano. Posteriormente estudia leyes en Oxford. Parece ser que estudió matemáticas por su cuenta, sin atender clases formales. En 1880 está dando clases de lógica. Finalmente, en 1888, fue nombrado profesor de Economía Política en el King's College de Londres.

Casi todos sus escritos están dirigidos a economistas. Son ensayos sobre impuestos, los precios en el monopolio y el duopolio, teoría pura del comercio internacional y teoría de los números índice. Su obra "Psíquica Matemática" (1881) es una aplicación cuantitativa de la ética del utilitarismo a la vida económica. Su uso de las curvas de indiferencia fue aceptada muy lentamente y la del "núcleo" de una economía de intercambio solo ha conseguido atraer la atención muy recientemente como resultado de los desarrollos de la teoría de juegos. De hecho muchas de sus ideas están siendo redescubiertas en la actualidad.

---

Obras

• New and Old Methods of Ethics, 1877.
• "The Hedonical Calculus", 1879, Mind.
• "The Law of Error", 1883, Phil Mag
• Mathematical Psychics: An essay on the application of mathematics to the moral sciences , 1881.
• "Review of Jevons's Investigations", 1884, Academy
• "The Philosophy of Chance", 1884, Mind
• "The Rationale of Exchange", 1884, J of RSS
• "Observations and Statistics: An essay on the theory of errors of observation and the first principles of statistics", 1885, Transactions of Cambridge Society.
• "Methods of Statistics", 1885, Jubilee Volume of RSS.
• "On Methods of Ascertaining Variations in the Rate of Births, Deaths and Marriages", 1885, J of RSS
• "Progressive Means", 1886, J of RSS
• Metrike, or the method of measuring probability and utility, 1887.
• "Mathematical Theory of Banking", 1888, Journal of Royal Statistical Society.
• "On the Application of Mathematics to Political Economy", 1889, Nature
• "Review of Walras's Elements", 1889, Nature
• "Review of Wicksteed's Alphabet", 1889, Nature
• "Points at which Mathematical Reasoning is Applicable to Political Economy", 1889, Nature
• "Appreciation of Gold", 1889, QJE
• "Review of Marshall's Principles", 1890, Nature and Academy
• "La Théorie mathématique de l'offre et de la demande et la côut de production", 1891, Revue d'Economie Politique
• "On the Determinateness of Economic Equilibrium", 1891, Giornale degli Economisti.
• "Review of Keynes's Scope and Method", 1891, EJ
• "An Introductory Lecture on Political Economy", 1891, EJ
• "Review of Second Edition of Marshall's Principles", 1891, EJ
• "Review of Third Edition of Marshall's Principles", 1892, EJ
• "Correlated Averages", 1892 , Philos Magazine
• "The Law of Error and Correlated Averages", 1892, Philos Magazine.
• "Review of Bonar's Philosophy", 1893, Mind.
• "Review of Walsh's Bimetallism", 1893, EJ
• "Professor Böhm-Bawerk on the Ultimate Standard of Value", 1894, EJ
• "Theory of International Values", 1894, EJ
• "The Measurement of Utility by Money", 1894, EJ
• "Pierson on the Scarcity of Gold", 1895, EJ
• "A Defense of Index-Numbers", 1896, EJ
•  "The Pure Theory of Monopoly", 1897, 
• "The Pure Theory of Taxation, I-III", 1897, EJ
• "Review of Grazani's Instituzioni", 1897, 1904, EJ
• "On a Point in the Theory of International Trade", 1899, EJ
• "The Incidence of Urban Rates, I-III", 1900, EJ
• "Disputed Points in the Theory of International Trade", 1901, EJ
• "Miscellaneous Applications of the Calculus of Probabilities", 1898, J of RSS
• "The Theory of Distribution" , 1904, QJE  
• "Review of Cunnynghame's Geometrical Political Economy", 1905, EJ
• "The Law of Error", 1905, Transactions of Cambridge Society.
• "The Generalised Law of Error, or Law of Great Numbers", 1906, J of RSS
• "Appreciations of Mathematical Theories, I, II & III", 1907-8, EJ
• "On the Probable Error of Frequency Constants", 1908, Transactions of Cambridge Society
• "On the Use of the Diferential Calculus in Economics to Determine Conditions of Maximum Advantage", 1909, Scientia
• "The Subjective Element in the First Principles of Taxation", 1910, QJE
• "Applications of Probabilities to Economics", 1910, EJ.
• "Monopoly and Differential Prices", 1911, EJ
• "Contributions to the Theory of Railway Rates, I-IV", 1911-1913 EJ
• "Review of Moore's Laws of Wages", 1912, EJ
• "Review of Pigou's Wealth and Welfare", 1913, EJ
• "On the Use of the Theory of Probabilities in Statistics Relating to Society", 1913, J of RSS
• "On the Use of Analytical Geometry to Represent Certain Kinds of Statistics", 1914, J of RSS
• On the Relations of Political Economy to War, 1915.
• "Recent Contributions to Mathematical Economics, I & II", 1915, EJ
• "British Incomes and Property", 1916, EJ
• "Some German Economic Writings about the War", 1917, EJ
• "After-War Problems", 1917, EJ
• "On the Mathematical Representation of Statistical Data", 1917, J of RSS
• "Methods of Graduating Taxes on Income and Capital", 1919, EJ
• "Review of Cassel's Social Economy", 1920, EJ
• "The Mathematical Economics of Professor Amoroso", 1922, EJ
• "Equal Pay to Men and Women for Equal Work", 1922, EJ
• Women's Wages in Relation to Economic Welfare, 1923, EJ
• "Review of Marshall's Money", 1923, EJ
• "Review of Bowley's Groundwork", 1924, EJ
• Papers Relating to Political Economy, 3 volumes, 1925.
• "The Plurality of Index-Numbers", 1925, EJ
• "The Revised Doctrine of Marginal Social Product", 1925, EJ
• "Review of J.M. Clark's Overhead Costs", 1925, EJ.